The Master's of Science program in the Faculty of Science may be undertaken in the principal areas of research offered by the faculty, including: applied sciences, biological sciences, chemistry, geosciences, mathematical sciences, atmospheric sciences and physics. The thesis should offer a significant contribution to knowledge in the discipline concerned and demonstrate the student's capacity to carry out independent research. The length of the thesis may vary across disciplines, but should not normally exceed 50,000 words.

Science graduates gain employment in genetic engineering, agricultural support and pharmaceutical science, banking and finance, environmental consulting, hospitals, medical institutes, mining, petroleum and engineering, research, and wine and food industries. Opportunities also exist in organisations including the Department of Sustainability and the Environment, CSIRO, the defence forces, road and water authorities, museums, local councils, education and the health sector. Depending on their areas of expertise, graduates can be employed as botanists, chemists, ecologists, astrophysicists, environment consultants, food scientists, palaeontologists, genetic engineers, marine biologists, materials scientists, medical scientists, metallurgists, molecular biologists, museum curators, nuclear physicists, financial analysts, communications specialists, forensic scientists, researchers, science journalists, geotechnical engineers, statisticians, teachers, and weather forecasters.