What is Geology? Geology is the science of the earth's composition, structure, origin, and evolution. It includes subjects as diverse as the origin of rocks and minerals, the migration of pollutants in ground water, and the evolution of life as recorded in fossils. Geologists and geoscientists work in a variety of areas. In today's society, with concerns about the scarcity and conservation of natural resources, global climate change, and environmental pollution, many geologists are involved in devising sustainable approaches to energy development, to investigating and mitigating pollution, and to understanding and mitigating the effects of hazards, such as flooding, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and landslides. Some geoscientists study the materials and fundamental processes of the solid earth while others investigate the effects of human influence upon the earth and provide the basic information needed to solve problems and establish rational policies for resource management, environmental protection, and public health, safety, and welfare. Geologists also study the history of the earth, including the fossilized rock record from which we can learn much about previous life forms, climates, and ecosystems. This knowledge is one of the fundamental tools for interpreting the magnitude and impact of modern day and future climate change.

What can I do with this major? Geologists and other earth scientists are typically employed in environmental consulting and planning firms, energy and mineral resource companies, materials analysis firms, or government agencies, such as the National Park Service, environmental protection agencies, and health departments. They are also employed in schools and universities, a wide array of both small and large corporations, legal practices, non-profit organizations, and even the news media. Because geoscientists are continually urged to recognize and address the world around them, they acquire and hone skills that are highly valued in many disciplines. About 50 percent of our graduates obtain immediate employment in earth science disciplines. A bachelor's degree can provide the background to obtain support or assistant positions as a geologist in government agencies or consulting companies as well as the laboratory or field programs of mining and petroleum corporations and state or national geological surveys. In recent years, about 30 percent of our graduates have furthered their education in graduate programs. A master's degree, which is the terminal degree of most practicing geologists, provides a wide opportunity for professional achievement and advancement. A Ph.D. in Geology, Earth Science, or Environmental Science can lead to an academic career of teaching and research. Geology majors may continue in the sciences after obtaining their undergraduate degree, but they may also go into law, business, or education. Environmental law and earth science education have become increasingly active areas in recent years.